This guide introduces the UN Bangkok Rules and other relevant sources of international law to bodies monitoring places of detention, including National Preventive Mechanisms, and provides guidance on assessing risk factors and making recommendations to improve the protection of women against torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.
Despite recent renewed attention on violence against women, one particularly vulnerable group has so far been ignored: women in prison and women suspected, charged or convicted of a criminal offence, who appear not to fit the stereotype of women as victim. However, women in prison are disproportionately likely to have a history of domestic or sexual abuse, and to find themselves at an even higher risk of falling victim to violence, torture and ill-treatment when detained. At the same time, however, their gender specific needs are recognised to an even lesser extent than in they are in the society 'outside'.
Bodies established to monitor places of detention and to prevent torture and ill-treatment can play a crucial role in strengthening the protection from violence of women and girls in detention and in assessing whether the gender specific needs are being met in places where women are detained.
The guide is availableinEnglishand inRussian. This is the first one of a series of three thematic papers covering aspects of detention monitoring which have so far been under-researched and received little attention. The next two papers will look at changing culture in places of detention and at preserving security and dignity and will be published shortly.
PRI and APT have also published a joint blog today to highlight the frequently forgotten issue of violence and abuse against women and girls in the criminal justice system.
We hope that you will find this Guide useful, and we would love to know what you think about this resource. If you have any feedback or queries, please contact publications@penalreform.org
Application no. 47095/09 Zeynal MUSTAFAYEV against Azerbaijan lodged on 20 August 2009
STATEMENT OF FACTS
The applicant, Mr Zeynal Mustafayev, is an Azerbaijani national, who was born in 1937 and lives in Sumgayit. He is represented before the Court by Mr A. Mustafayev, a lawyer practising in Azerbaijan.
The facts of the case, as submitted by the applicant, may be summarised as follows.
The applicant’s son (M.M.) was born in 1967 and was serving a life sentence in Gobustan Prison. He was held with one other inmate (S.R.) in cell no. 94 designated for two inmates.
Since June 2006 M.M. had sent complaints to various domestic authorities, including the Ministry of Justice, the Office of the Prosecutor General and the Ombudsman of the Republic of Azerbaijan. He complained in particular about his conditions of detention, violation of inmates’ rights in Gobustan Prison and his ill-treatment by prison guards noting that his life was in danger.
On 2 December 2006 S.R. left cell no. 94 for a long-term personal visit with his mother and M.M. remained alone in the cell.
On 3 December 2006 in the early morning a fire broke out in cell no. 94. According to the applicant, the fire began at approximately 6 a.m. and despite other inmates’ warnings prison guards did not immediately intervene to extinguish the fire. They opened the door of the cell only one hour after the beginning of the fire.
1.The
applicant, Mr Rafail Muradov, is an Azerbaijani national, who
was born in 1984 and lives in Baku. He was represented before
the Court by Mr Y. Khankishiyev, a lawyer practising in
Azerbaijan. The Azerbaijani Government ("the Government”) were
represented by their Agent, MrÇ.Asgarov.
2.The
facts of the case, as submitted by the parties, may be
summarised as follows.
3.On
11 February 2008 the applicant was arrested by the police on
suspicion of theft. On
14 February 2008 the applicant was formally charged under
Article 177 (theft) of the Criminal Code. On the same day the
Absheron District Court ordered the applicant’s pre-trial
detention for a period of two months.
4.The
applicant’s pre-trial detention was subsequently extended by the
Absheron District Court’s decision of 11 April 2008 and the
Sumgayit Military Court’s decision of 6 May 2008.
5.On
27 May 2008 the Sumgayit Military Court rejected the applicant’s
request for replacement of his pre-trial detention by house
arrest. On 24June 2008 the Sumgayit Court
of Appeal upheld the Sumgayit Military Court’s decision of 27
May 2008.
6.By
the end of June 2008, the investigation had been completed and
the case was forwarded to the Sumgayit Military Court for trial.
7.On
25 June 2008 the Sumgayit Military Court held a preliminary
hearing. At this hearing the court rejected the applicant’s
request for release and found that the preventive measure of
remand in custody should be left "unchanged”.
8.By
a judgment of 22 July 2008 the Sumgayit Military Court sentenced
the applicant to a fine of 500 Azerbaijani manats and ordered
his release.
Международная тюремная реформа и Ассоциация по предупреждению пыток (APT) благодарят Джем Стивенс за работу над настоящей статьей.
Настоящая статья подготовлена и опубликована в рамках проекта Международной тюремной реформы «Укрепление институтов и наращивание возможностей гражданского общества по борьбе с пытками в девяти странах СНГ», осуществляющегося в партнерстве с Ассоциацией по предупреждению пыток и при финансовой поддержке Правительства Великобритании и Европейского Союза, оказываемой в рамках Европейского инструмента в области демократии и прав человека (ЕИДПЧ).
Международная тюремная реформа несет исключительную ответственность за содержание этого документа, который ни в коем случае не должен рассматриваться как отражающий позицию Европейского Союза или Правительства Великобритании.
Материал данной публикации может свободно рецензироваться, цитироваться, воспроизводиться и переводиться, частично или полностью, но не для продажи или для использования в коммерческих целях. Любые изменения, внесенные в текст этой публикации, должны быть одобрены Международной тюремной реформой. При использовании материала, необходимо ссылаться на Международную тюремную реформу и данную публикацию. Вопросы следует направлять по адресу publications@penalreform.org.
Международная тюремная реформа и Ассоциация по предупреждению пыток (APT) благодарят Джем Стивенс за работу над настоящей статьей.
Настоящая статья подготовлена и опубликована в рамках проекта Международной тюремной реформы «Укрепление институтов и наращивание возможностей гражданского общества по борьбе с пытками в девяти странах СНГ», осуществляющегося в партнерстве с Ассоциацией по предупреждению пыток и при финансовой поддержке Правительства Великобритании и Европейского Союза, оказываемой в рамках Европейского инструмента в области демократии и прав человека (ЕИДПЧ).
Международная тюремная реформа несет исключительную ответственность за содержание этого документа, который ни в коем случае не должен рассматриваться как отражающий позицию Европейского Союза или Правительства Великобритании.
Материал данной публикации может свободно рецензироваться, цитироваться, воспроизводиться и переводиться, частично или полностью, но не для продажи или для использования в коммерческих целях. Любые изменения, внесенные в текст этой публикации, должны быть одобрены Международной тюремной реформой. При использовании материала, необходимо ссылаться на Международную тюремную реформу и данную публикацию. Вопросы следует направлять по адресу publications@penalreform.org.
1. The case originated in an application (no. 56688/12) against the
Republic of Azerbaijan lodged with the Court
under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights
and Fundamental Freedoms ("the Convention”) by a
Russian national, Mr Gaji Ibragimovich Chankayev ("the applicant”), on 1
September 2012.
2. The applicant was represented by Mr E. Osmanov, a lawyer practising
in Baku. The Azerbaijani Government ("the Government”) were represented
by their Agent, Mr Ç. Asgarov.
3. The applicant
alleged, in particular, that his extradition to the Russian Federation would
entail a violation of Article 3 of the Convention and that he had no effective
remedies available to him by which to challenge his extradition on the grounds of
the risk of his torture or ill-treatment.
4. On 12 September 2012 the
Acting President of the Section decided to indicate to the respondent
Government, under Rule 39 of the Rules of Court, that the applicant should not
be extradited to the Russian Federation for the duration of the proceedings
before the Court. It was also decided to grant the application priority
treatment under Rule 41 of the Rules of Court.
5. On 12 December 2012 the
application was communicated to the Government.
In addition, on 17
January 2013 the Russian Government informed the Court that they would exercise
their right to intervene in the proceedings as a third party (Article 36 § 1 and Rule 44
of the Rules of Court).
LGBTI
persons in
detention – or
persons
perceived as
belonging to
this group –
are in a
situation of
particular
vulnerability,
at risk of
human rights
violations and
abuses –
including by
fellow
detainees –
throughout the
entire
criminal
justice
system.
This new paper
is part of
the Detention Monitoring Tool jointly
developed by
PRI and APT
over the last
year. The Tool
is designed to
provide
analysis and
practical
guidance to
support
monitoring
bodies,
including
National
Preventive
Mechanisms, to
fulfil their
preventive
mandate as
effectively as
possible when
visiting
police
facilities or
prisons.
The Tool
contains three
further
thematic
papers, two of
which were
published
earlier this
year - Women in detention: a guide to gender-sensitive
monitoring andInstitutional culture: a framework for preventive
monitoring and Balancing
security and
dignity in
detention: a
framework for
preventive
monitoring.
It also
includes five
shorter
Factsheets,
which are
designed to
provide
practical
guidance on
how monitoring
bodies can
focus on a
number of
systemic
issues which
are
particularly
high risk
factors for
torture and
ill-treatment.
The complete
Tool will be
available in
English from
15 November
2013 and in
Russian
towards the
end of the
year.
Dear Colleague,
